How do Smartwatches Track Heart Rate?
Smartwatches utilize advanced sensor technology to monitor heart rate effectively. Primarily, they employ photoplethysmography (PPG), a method that involves the use of light to detect blood flow changes in the wrist.
PPG sensors emit green light through the skin. As blood vessels expand and contract with each heartbeat, the amount of light absorbed changes, allowing the smartwatch to calculate the user's heart rate. This process occurs in real-time, providing timely updates.
Some smartwatches also utilize electrocardiogram (ECG) technology. This involves placing your finger on the watch’s sensor to record the electrical activity of the heart. ECG can provide more accurate data, notably identifying irregular heart rhythms.
To enhance accuracy, manufacturers often combine PPG with additional sensors, such as accelerometers that track movement and position, adjusting heart rate readings based on exercise intensity or user activity levels.
Data collected is then processed through algorithms and displayed on the user interface, allowing individuals to monitor their heart health, optimize workouts, and receive alerts for abnormal readings, making smartwatches a powerful tool in personal healthcare management.