How Do Wearables Track Heart Rate?
Wearable fitness devices utilize several technologies to monitor heart rate, ensuring accurate and real-time data capture for users. The two most common methods are:
1. Optical Heart Rate Monitoring
This technique employs photoplethysmography (PPG), which involves shining a light (usually green LED) onto the skin's surface. The light penetrates the skin and reflects back into a sensor. As blood flows through the vessels, the volume changes, affecting how much light is absorbed or scattered. Algorithms analyze these variations to calculate heart rate.
2. Electrocardiogram (ECG) Monitoring
Some advanced wearables use ECG technology, where electrodes placed on the skin measure the electrical activity of the heart. This method provides a more precise measurement of heart rate and can also detect irregular heart rhythms. ECG wearables typically require a more complex setup, often involving multiple contact points on the body.
Features and Accuracy
Modern wearables may combine both methods for enhanced accuracy and insights. Factors like movement, skin temperature, and ambient light may affect readings, which is why it's crucial for users to wear devices as intended (e.g., snugly on the wrist) during workouts for optimal performance.
Overall, wearable devices play a vital role in fitness technology, helping users monitor their heart health effectively.