Classification of Malware
Malware, short for malicious software, can be classified based on various criteria:
1. Type of Behavior
- Viruses: Self-replicating programs that spread by attaching to clean files.
- Worms: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other systems.
- Trojans: Malicious software disguised as legitimate applications to trick users.
- Ransomware: Encrypts a user’s files and demands payment for the decryption key.
- Spyware: Secretly monitors user activity and gathers information without consent.
- Adware: Automatically delivers advertisements, often intrusive and unwanted.
- Rootkits: Tools that enable unauthorized access to a system while hiding their presence.
2. Delivery Method
- Email Attachments: Malware is often hidden in attachments.
- Software Downloads: Bundled with legitimate software.
- Exploits: Targeting vulnerabilities in software or systems.
3. Target
- System Malware: Affects operating systems and devices.
- Network Malware: Targets network devices to disrupt connectivity.
- Internet of Things (IoT) Malware: Specifically targets IoT devices for exploitation.
Understanding these classifications is crucial for effective malware analysis and cybersecurity measures.