How does GDPR define data breach?
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) defines a data breach under Article 4(12) as a security incident that leads to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorized disclosure of, or access to personal data transmitted, stored, or otherwise processed.
This definition emphasizes that a data breach can occur through various means, including both accidental events (like a mistaken deletion of data) and intentional acts (such as a cyber attack or unauthorized access). The GDPR also covers breaches that have a significant impact on individuals, thereby reinforcing the importance of protecting personal data.
Organizations that handle personal data are required to implement appropriate technical and organizational measures to prevent breaches and mitigate their consequences. In the event of a breach, GDPR mandates that organizations notify the relevant supervisory authority within 72 hours if the breach is likely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of individuals.
Failure to comply with these requirements can lead to significant fines and legal repercussions, highlighting the importance of understanding and adhering to GDPR guidelines related to data security and breach response.