How Do Antioxidants Protect Against Free Radicals?
Antioxidants are compounds that play a crucial role in maintaining health by neutralizing free radicals in the body. Free radicals are highly reactive molecules that can cause oxidative stress, resulting in cellular damage, aging, and various chronic diseases.
When free radicals are present in excess, they can lead to oxidative stress, disrupting the balance between oxidants and antioxidants. This stress can damage DNA, proteins, and cell membranes, potentially contributing to health issues like cancer, heart disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Dietary supplements containing antioxidants—such as vitamins C and E, selenium, and flavonoids—serve as a beneficial addition to the diet. These compounds donate electrons to free radicals, effectively stabilizing them and preventing further cellular damage. By scavenging free radicals, antioxidants help to mitigate the harmful effects of oxidative stress.
Moreover, antioxidants support the body's own defense mechanisms. For example, certain enzymes, like superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, rely on various nutrients to function effectively. Thus, incorporating antioxidant-rich food and supplements into one's diet can enhance overall health by bolstering the body's resilience against oxidative damage.
In summary, antioxidants are essential for protecting against free radicals by neutralizing their reactivity and supporting the body's own antioxidant systems, thereby promoting better health.