Can Rheumatoid Arthritis Cause Anemia?
Yes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can lead to anemia, a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin. This is primarily due to chronic inflammation associated with RA. The inflammatory process can interfere with the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow and can prolong their lifespan, leading to anemia of chronic disease (ACD).
In RA, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's joints, leading to persistent inflammation. Cytokines, which are inflammatory markers, can inhibit erythropoiesis (the production of red blood cells) and affect iron metabolism. This results in a decreased availability of iron for hemoglobin synthesis, contributing to anemic conditions.
Additionally, some RA patients may experience nutritional deficiencies, particularly of iron, vitamin B12, and folate, all essential for red blood cell production. This can be exacerbated by medications used to treat RA, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, further lowering red blood cells.
Symptoms of anemia in those with RA may include fatigue, weakness, and paleness. If you suspect anemia associated with rheumatoid arthritis, it's important to consult healthcare professionals for appropriate tests and treatment. Managing both RA and anemia is crucial for improving overall health and quality of life.