How Does Osteoarthritis Affect the Body?
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, the smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones in joints. As OA progresses, this cushioning diminishes, resulting in increased friction between bones during movement. This process can lead to several physiological changes in the body:
Joint Pain
One of the most common symptoms of osteoarthritis is joint pain. This discomfort often worsens with activity and improves with rest, significantly impacting daily functioning and quality of life.
Stiffness and Swelling
Individuals with OA frequently experience joint stiffness, particularly upon waking or after prolonged inactivity. Swelling around the joints may also occur due to inflammation, further exacerbating pain and limiting motion.
Reduced Mobility
As the disease progresses, individuals may notice a reduction in their range of motion. This limitation can hinder everyday activities and impact overall mobility, making simple tasks challenging.
Bone Changes
Chronic osteoarthritis can lead to changes in the bone structure, including the development of bone spurs (osteophytes) that can be painful and restrict mobility. These changes often contribute to an ongoing cycle of pain and decreased activity.
Impact on Mental Health
Living with chronic pain from osteoarthritis can also affect mental health. The persistent pain often leads to feelings of frustration, anxiety, and depression, creating a comprehensive burden on one's physical and emotional well-being.
In conclusion, osteoarthritis significantly affects not just the joints but the overall quality of life, leading to chronic pain and various other health implications. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to mitigating these effects.