What is Resistant Hypertension?
Resistant hypertension is a medical condition characterized by blood pressure that remains high despite the use of multiple antihypertensive medications. Typically, it refers to the inability to achieve target blood pressure levels (<140/90 mmHg) with the concurrent use of three or more antihypertensive drugs, including a diuretic.
Causes
Common causes of resistant hypertension include:
- Inadequate treatment strategies
- Obesity and physical inactivity
- Excessive alcohol and sodium intake
- Secondary conditions such as sleep apnea, kidney disease, or endocrine disorders
Symptoms
Most individuals with resistant hypertension may not experience noticeable symptoms. However, persistent high blood pressure can lead to serious complications like heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage over time.
Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis typically involves monitoring blood pressure in various settings, along with evaluating lifestyle factors and ruling out secondary causes. Management strategies may include lifestyle modifications, optimizing existing medications, or introducing additional treatments like renal denervation or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
It is essential for individuals with resistant hypertension to work closely with their healthcare providers to develop a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to their specific needs.