What Tests Are Used to Diagnose Cardiomyopathy?
Diagnosing cardiomyopathy involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and several diagnostic tests. Here are the primary tests used:
- Medical History and Physical Exam: Doctors evaluate symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. A physical examination may reveal signs like heart murmur or fluid retention.
- Echocardiogram: This ultrasound test provides images of the heart's structure and function, helping to assess the size of the heart chambers and the pumping ability.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): This test records the electrical activity of the heart to identify irregular rhythms or signs of previous heart attacks.
- Cardiac MRI: A magnetic resonance imaging test offers detailed images of the heart muscle and helps differentiate types of cardiomyopathy.
- Chest X-ray: This imaging test can show the size of the heart and any fluid buildup in the lungs.
- Blood Tests: These tests can check for conditions like anemia, thyroid dysfunction, or biomarkers indicative of heart damage (e.g., natriuretic peptides).
- Genetic Testing: If familial cardiomyopathy is suspected, genetic tests can identify specific inherited conditions associated with cardiomyopathy.
- Exercise Stress Test: This test assesses the heart's response to physical exertion and can help determine the severity of the condition.
Each of these tests plays a vital role in forming a comprehensive understanding of cardiomyopathy, enabling effective management and treatment plans.