What is Atherosclerotic Plaque?
Atherosclerotic plaque is a thick, hard deposit that forms within the arteries due to a buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances. This condition is primarily associated with atherosclerosis, a type of cardiovascular disease that is characterized by the narrowing and hardening of blood vessels.
The formation of these plaques begins with damage to the endothelium, the inner lining of arteries. Factors such as high cholesterol, smoking, high blood pressure, and diabetes contribute to this damage. Once the endothelium is compromised, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol can penetrate the arterial wall, leading to inflammation and the accumulation of cellular debris.
Over time, the plaque grows and can restrict blood flow, leading to serious health issues such as heart attacks or strokes. The plaque may also rupture, forming a blood clot that can completely block the artery. This risk highlights the importance of monitoring risk factors associated with atherosclerosis and maintaining a healthy lifestyle to prevent plaque formation.
Management strategies include lifestyle changes, medication, and in some cases, surgical procedures to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.