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Main Causes of Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by the buildup of plaques in the arteries, leading to cardiovascular complications. The primary causes of atherosclerosis include:

  • High Cholesterol Levels: Elevated levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol contribute to plaque formation. A diet high in saturated fats can exacerbate this issue.
  • Hypertension: Chronic high blood pressure can damage arterial walls, making them more susceptible to plaque accumulation.
  • Tobacco Use: Smoking damages blood vessels and reduces oxygen in the blood, accelerating plaque development.
  • Diabetes: Insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels can lead to vascular inflammation and a higher risk of atherosclerosis.
  • Obesity: Excess body fat, particularly around the abdomen, is linked to inflammation and metabolic disorders that promote arterial plaque buildup.
  • Physical Inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle is associated with higher rates of obesity and cardiovascular diseases, increasing atherosclerosis risk.
  • Genetics: Family history of cardiovascular diseases can predispose individuals to atherosclerosis due to inherited factors.

Addressing these risk factors through lifestyle modifications and medical intervention can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular events.

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