How Does Lupus Affect My Immune System?
Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that significantly impacts the body's immune system. Normally, the immune system protects the body against infections and diseases by identifying and attacking foreign invaders, such as bacteria and viruses. However, in lupus patients, this process goes awry.
The immune system becomes hyperactive and mistakenly targets healthy tissues and organs, causing widespread inflammation and damage. This misdirected immune response can affect various systems, including the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, heart, and brain.
One of the hallmarks of lupus is the production of autoantibodies—antibodies that are directed against the body's own cells and proteins. These autoantibodies contribute to inflammation and tissue damage, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes, and fever.
Moreover, the immune system's dysregulation in lupus can result in a reduced ability to fight off infections, making patients more susceptible to illnesses. The disease may also necessitate the use of immunosuppressive medications, which are intended to reduce the immune system's overactivity but can further increase vulnerability to infections.
In summary, lupus profoundly alters the immune system's functioning, leading to autoimmune reactions and increased susceptibility to infections. Understanding this impact is crucial for effective management and treatment of the disease.