Founders of Modern Improvisational Comedy
Modern improvisational comedy, often referred to as improv, has its roots in various theatrical traditions but became distinctively formulated in the mid-20th century. Notable figures often credited as founders include:
- Viola Spolin: Known as the "mother of improvisational theatre," Spolin developed games and techniques that emphasized spontaneity and creativity, which forms the basis of improv practices today.
- Improv Olympic (IO): Founded by Del Close and Charna Halpern in 1963, this Chicago-based theatre contributed significantly to the development of long-form improv, influencing many performers and troupes.
- Second City: Established in 1959, this theatre has been a breeding ground for comedians who went on to become major figures in entertainment. Its alumni include notable names such as John Belushi, Gilda Radner, and Tina Fey.
The impact of these pioneers shaped the future of comedy, leading to various formats including improv festivals, workshops, and integral parts of television and film.
Today, the influence of improv is widespread, with numerous podcasts, television shows, and web content drawing upon the principles established by these founders, demonstrating the lasting legacy of their contributions to the field of entertainment.