How to Analyze Harmony in Music
Analyzing harmony in music involves understanding the chords and their relationships within a piece. Start by identifying the key of the composition, as this provides the tonal framework. Use the following steps to guide your analysis:
1. Identify the Chords
Listen closely to the music and notate the chords being used. You can often find chord symbols in the sheet music, or you can transcribe them by ear.
2. Determine the Key and Scale
Establish the key signature and the corresponding scale. This will help you understand the function of each chord in relation to the tonic.
3. Analyze Chord Functions
Every chord has a function in the harmony (tonic, subdominant, dominant). Identify these roles to see how they contribute to the music's tension and resolution.
4. Examine Progressions
Look at the sequence of chords and their progression. Common patterns like I-IV-V-I help create a sense of movement and direction in the music.
5. Study Voice Leading
Analyze how individual musical lines (or voices) move between chords. Good voice leading maintains smooth transitions and creates a cohesive sound.
6. Consider Non-Harmonic Tones
Identify any non-harmonic tones such as passing tones or suspensions, which add complexity and richness to the harmonic texture.
By following these steps, you can gain a deeper understanding of how harmony functions within a musical piece, enhancing your overall musical appreciation and analysis skills.