Kinetic Energy vs. Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is the energy of an object in motion. It depends on the mass and speed of the object and is calculated using the formula:
KE = 1/2 mv²
Where 'KE' is kinetic energy, 'm' is mass in kilograms, and 'v' is velocity in meters per second. Examples of kinetic energy include a moving car, flowing water, or a thrown ball.
Potential Energy
Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or condition. It is commonly associated with gravitational potential energy, which depends on height and mass, calculated as:
PE = mgh
Where 'PE' is potential energy, 'm' is mass, 'g' is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), and 'h' is height in meters. Examples include water in a dam or an object held above the ground.
Key Differences
- Kinetic energy pertains to movement, while potential energy relates to stored energy based on position.
- Kinetic energy changes with speed, whereas potential energy changes with position or height.