What is Emergency Contraception?
Emergency contraception (EC) refers to methods of preventing pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. It is designed to be used in urgent situations, such as when a condom breaks or a birth control pill is missed. EC is not intended for regular use and is not the same as abortion.
Types of Emergency Contraception
- Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECPs): These pills are most effective when taken within 72 to 120 hours after unprotected sex. Examples include Plan B One-Step and Ella.
- Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD): This device can be inserted by a healthcare provider within 5 days of unprotected intercourse. It is the most effective form of emergency contraception.
How Does It Work?
Emergency contraception works primarily by delaying or inhibiting ovulation. If ovulation has already occurred, some methods may prevent fertilization or implantation of a fertilized egg, but not all EC methods guarantee these outcomes.
Accessibility
In many countries, ECPs are available over-the-counter without a prescription, making them accessible to women in need. However, the availability of Copper IUDs usually requires a visit to a healthcare provider.
Important Considerations
It’s crucial to understand that emergency contraception does not provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and should not replace regular contraceptive methods. Consulting a healthcare provider can help individuals choose the best option for their situation.