What is PMS?
PMS, or Premenstrual Syndrome, is a condition that affects many women in the days leading up to their menstrual period. It's characterized by a variety of emotional and physical symptoms that can impact daily life. Common symptoms include mood swings, irritability, anxiety, fatigue, bloating, and breast tenderness. These symptoms usually resolve with the onset of menstruation.
PMS and PMDD
While PMS is common, some women experience a more severe form known as Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). PMDD affects approximately 3-8% of women of reproductive age and is marked by intense mood disturbances, depression, and anxiety, along with physical symptoms that can significantly impair daily functioning.
Causes of PMS
The exact cause of PMS is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Neurotransmitters, particularly serotonin, also play a crucial role in mood regulation and may contribute to PMS symptoms.
Management and Treatment
Managing PMS and PMDD often involves lifestyle modifications, such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, and stress management techniques. In more severe cases, medications like antidepressants or hormonal treatments may be recommended to alleviate symptoms.
Understanding PMS and its effects is essential for women's health, enabling better management of symptoms and improving quality of life.