What is Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a collection of physical and emotional symptoms that many women experience in the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, typically occurring one to two weeks before menstruation. The symptoms can vary significantly among individuals and may range from mild to severe.
Common physical symptoms of PMS include bloating, breast tenderness, fatigue, headaches, and changes in sleep patterns. On the emotional side, many women report mood swings, irritability, anxiety, and depression. These symptoms can impact daily life, leading to challenges at work, in relationships, and in personal well-being.
The exact cause of PMS is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to hormonal fluctuations, particularly estrogen and progesterone. Other factors, such as stress, lifestyle, and nutrition, may also contribute to the severity of PMS symptoms.
Diagnosis typically involves tracking symptoms over multiple menstrual cycles and assessing their impact on daily life. Treatment options vary and may include lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, exercise, and, in some cases, medication. Understanding PMS is important for menstrual health, as effective management can lead to an improved quality of life for women experiencing these symptoms.