How are STIs Transmitted?
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are primarily spread through sexual contact. Understanding the modes of transmission can help in prevention and awareness:
- Unprotected Vaginal or Anal Sex: The most common route of STI transmission occurs through unprotected penetrative sex with an infected partner.
- Oral Sex: STIs can also be transmitted through oral sex, especially if there are cuts or sores in the mouth or throat.
- Skin-to-Skin Contact: Certain STIs, such as herpes and HPV, can spread through direct skin-to-skin contact even without penetrative sex.
- Sharing Needles: Engaging in intravenous drug use and sharing needles can transmit infections such as HIV and hepatitis.
- Mother to Child: Some STIs can be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth or breastfeeding.
Using protection, such as condoms, and having regular STI screenings can significantly reduce the risk of transmission. Practicing open communication with sexual partners about STI status is also crucial for prevention.