What is Insulin Resistance?
Insulin resistance is a condition in which the body's cells become less responsive to the hormone insulin. Insulin plays a crucial role in managing blood sugar (glucose) levels by facilitating the entry of glucose into cells for energy production. When cells resist insulin's effects, glucose builds up in the bloodstream, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.
Causes of Insulin Resistance
Several factors contribute to insulin resistance, including obesity, lack of physical activity, poor diet, genetic predisposition, and hormonal changes. Excess fat, especially around the abdomen, can release fatty acids and inflammatory substances that interfere with insulin signaling.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Insulin resistance often has no clear symptoms initially, but it can lead to complications such as type 2 diabetes. Symptoms may include fatigue, hunger, difficulty concentrating, and skin changes like dark patches. It can be diagnosed through blood tests measuring fasting glucose and insulin levels.
Management and Treatment
Managing insulin resistance involves lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. In some cases, medication may be necessary to improve insulin sensitivity and control blood sugar levels, especially for those with diabetes.