What is Pulmonary Hypertension?
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious condition characterized by increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, which are the blood vessels responsible for carrying blood from the heart to the lungs. This elevated pressure makes it harder for the heart to pump blood, leading to various symptoms and complications.
Causes
The causes of pulmonary hypertension can vary widely. It may result from primary conditions, such as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, or secondary conditions, including chronic respiratory diseases like COPD, interstitial lung disease, and sleep apnea. Other causes may include heart disorders, blood clots, and certain medications.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of pulmonary hypertension include shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, dizziness, and swelling in the ankles or legs. These symptoms can significantly impact the quality of life and may worsen over time if left untreated.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as echocardiograms, chest X-rays, and right heart catheterization. Treatment options aim to manage symptoms and may include medications, oxygen therapy, lifestyle changes, and, in severe cases, surgery or lung transplantation.
Conclusion
While pulmonary hypertension is a chronic and progressive disease, early diagnosis and appropriate management can improve the quality of life and outcomes for individuals affected by this condition.