What is Cystic Fibrosis?
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems. It is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, which leads to the production of thick, sticky mucus that clogs the airways and glands. This buildup of mucus can create severe lung infections and obstruct the pancreas, hindering the absorption of nutrients.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of cystic fibrosis include:
- Chronic cough with phlegm
- Frequent lung infections
- Difficulty breathing
- Poor growth and weight gain despite a good appetite
- Salty-tasting skin
- Digestive issues
Diagnosis and Treatment
CF is diagnosed through newborn screening tests, genetic testing, and sweat tests that measure salt levels in the sweat. While there is no cure for cystic fibrosis, treatments aim to manage symptoms and reduce complications. These may include:
- Chest physiotherapy
- Medications to thin mucus
- Antibiotics for lung infections
- Pancreatic enzyme replacements
- Lung transplantation in severe cases
Living with Cystic Fibrosis
With advancements in treatment, individuals with cystic fibrosis can lead active lives; however, they require ongoing medical care and adherence to treatment plans to manage their condition effectively.