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What Causes Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects joints. Although the exact cause remains unclear, several factors are believed to contribute to the onset of this autoimmune disease.

Genetic Factors

Genetics play a significant role in the susceptibility to RA. Specific genes, such as the HLA-DRB1 gene, have been linked to an increased risk of developing this condition. Family history can also elevate the likelihood of onset.

Immune System Dysfunction

RA occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium (the lining of the membranes that surround joints). This immune response leads to inflammation, pain, and swelling, ultimately causing joint damage over time.

Environmental Triggers

Certain environmental factors, such as smoking, exposure to silica dust, and specific infections, may trigger the onset of RA in genetically predisposed individuals. Lifestyle choices and overall health can also influence disease severity.

Hormonal Influences

Hormonal factors may also contribute to the development of RA, as it is more prevalent in women, particularly during reproductive years. Hormonal changes could influence immune response and inflammation processes.

In conclusion, while the precise cause of rheumatoid arthritis remains elusive, a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors likely contribute to its development, leading to chronic pain and inflammation.

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