What is a Stroke?
A stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting needed oxygen and nutrients. Within minutes, brain cells can begin to die, which can lead to long-term disabilities or even death.
Types of Stroke
- Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type, accounting for about 87% of all strokes. It happens when a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain is obstructed.
- Hemorrhagic Stroke: This type occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures, leading to bleeding in or around the brain.
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Often called a "mini-stroke," a TIA is temporary and results from a temporary decrease in blood supply to part of the brain.
Risk Factors
Several factors can increase the risk of stroke, including high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Family history and age are also significant contributors.
Symptoms
Common symptoms include sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body; confusion; trouble speaking; difficulty seeing; and loss of balance or coordination.
Conclusion
Recognizing the symptoms and seeking immediate medical attention is crucial, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and reduce risks of permanent damage or death.