What is Atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is a chronic cardiovascular disease characterized by the buildup of plaques in the arterial walls. These plaques consist of fat, cholesterol, and other substances that can restrict blood flow. Over time, the accumulation of these deposits leads to the thickening and hardening of the artery walls, a condition known as arteriosclerosis.
Causes
The development of atherosclerosis is influenced by a variety of risk factors including high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Genetics also play a significant role in an individual’s susceptibility to this condition.
Symptoms
Atherosclerosis often progresses without noticeable symptoms until it significantly narrows or obstructs blood vessels. Common symptoms may include chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or even heart attacks and strokes, depending on which arteries are affected.
Prevention and Treatment
Preventative measures focus on adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking. Medical treatments may include medications to lower cholesterol and blood pressure, as well as procedures like angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery in severe cases.
Overall, early detection and lifestyle modifications are crucial in managing and preventing the complications related to atherosclerosis.