What is Climate Change?
Climate change refers to significant alterations in global temperatures and weather patterns over time. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, it is now largely driven by human activities, particularly the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) like carbon dioxide and methane.
Causes of Climate Change
- Burning Fossil Fuels: The combustion of coal, oil, and gas for energy is a primary source of GHG emissions.
- Deforestation: Trees absorb CO2; when forests are cut down, this carbon is released back into the atmosphere.
- Agriculture: Livestock and certain agricultural practices produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
Effects of Climate Change
- Rising Sea Levels: Melting glaciers and ice caps contribute to higher ocean levels, threatening coastal areas.
- Extreme Weather: Increased frequency of hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves are linked to climate change.
- Loss of Biodiversity: Many species face extinction due to changing habitats and climates.
Mitigation and Adaptation
Addressing climate change requires global cooperation. Efforts include transitioning to renewable energy sources, enhancing energy efficiency, and protecting natural ecosystems. Individuals can also contribute by reducing waste, using public transport, and supporting sustainable practices.